Vol. 6, No. 3, 2020

The authors’ hypothesis boils down to the assertion that the modern scientific and technological policy of Russia does not fully consider the critical level of the country’s technological dependence and the lack of stakeholders in technological development in the real sector of the economy. Insufficiently accurate identification of beneficiaries and key actors in achieving the national goal of “accelerating technological development” was noted as methodological problems of this policy. Three cases of 2020 are considered, illustrating the features of promoting domestic high-tech products as part of the implementation of import substitution programs. The recommendations for updating the state policy aimed at overcoming the technological lag are grounded.

The effectiveness of research teams and scientists is largely estimated by their publication activity. One indicator of the quality of scientific work is the absence of plagiarism. The purpose of this paper was to consider the problems that arise with the formal-mechanistic approach to the detection of plagiarism in scientific papers. The questions of the correlation of meaning and plagiarism; quoting your own work; quoting and inaccurate quoting; the use of generally accepted expressions, laws, definitions; the need to refine anti-plagiarism systems are considered. It is shown that due to the fact that anti-plagiarism systems do not analyze the meaning of the text, “overdiagnosis” occurs. As a result of an uncritical approach to the conclusions of such systems, the writing of scientific papers becomes more complicated. The necessity of developing more accurate criteria for determining what is plagiarized in scientific papers is noted. Some suggestions were made to reduce the shortcomings of the formal approach.

Previous research in experimental psychology suggests that religious belief is influenced by one’s general tendency to rely on intuition rather than information. A corollary emerging from this based on balance theory is that managers who are religious might make more intuition-based decisions than their counterparts who are not religious. The latter group might tend to make more information-based decisions. Recent research also indicates that the use of scientific method, a close cousin of information-based decision making, triggers moral behavior. Employing critical incident technique, the present researchers test this potential relationship among business executives at various ranks, various cultural contexts, and holding various religious beliefs. Our analysis indicates that theist managers, both gnostic and agnostic, preferred intuitive decision making. Likewise, both gnostic and agnostic atheist managers preferred information-based decision making. Also, atheist managers articulated better logical explanations as to why their decisions were morally correct.

It is shown that the vast majority of foreign researchers consider university structures to be an important and economically sustainable mechanism for the transfer of new industrial technologies, that these structures accelerate the economic development of territories by creating new knowledge-intensive (high-tech) jobs, and increase tax revenues to local budgets. Thanks to government funding and public support, university research structures demonstrate higher survival rates compared to firms affiliated to corporate organizations. The structures affiliated to universities are very active in using state aid programs, remain residents of business incubators for longer, and are beneficiaries of funds supporting research and development. Private venture funds are more likely to finance them. University-affiliated structures are more innovative than firms associated with corporate organizations. These structures have a greater number of patented inventions, demonstrate a higher survival rate and a higher liquidity rating, but have lower profitability. University-related structures are innovative firms and can commercialize both specific inventions and more implicit knowledge obtained as a result of scientific research. It is noted that the biggest challenge for such a firm is the transformation of technological assets into marketable offers.

This article is devoted to solving the problem of systematizing the existing concepts of innovation in higher education, reflecting the new vision of the university by modern scientists. The author studied the content and conducted a comparative analysis of various concepts relating to the emergence of the future image of the University. First of all, these are the works of the classics of post-industrialism, who defined science and education as a new industry within the emerging knowledge economy and noted the need to form, in this regard, a new type of University. Important potential for understanding the role and place of the University, as well as to get an idea of its supposed (futuristic) model in the new realities have the concepts of innovatization of higher education, the analysis of which is given most of the article. Under the concepts of innovatization of higher education in the article we understand the concept of modern scientists who consider the transformation of the traditional University in its innovative model that meets the needs of the economy and society focused on innovation. The concepts of innovatization are also divided into several types, grouped according to the relevant features, which suggests the possibility of transition to the innovative model of the University in different ways.

A scientometric study of 51 research institutes of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation was carried out. 139,342 publications registered in the Russian Science Citation Index in 1950-2017, were the material of the study. We studied the distribution of publications by year of publication and the number of citations. The publications were divided into two groups: 1) cited one or more times (n = 65395 or 46.9%) and 2) with zero citation (n = 73946 or 53.1%). In 2001-2016 the total number of publications increases linearly (regression coefficient 721 publications or 10% per year). At the same time, the share of cited publications decreased from 72% in 2001 to 46% in 2014, and later, to 4% in 2017. During the period of the highest publication activity (2000-2013), the proportion of cited publications ranged from 17 % to 81% in different institutions (median 61%). The proportion of cited publications may be an indicator of the effectiveness of institutions.

This paper discusses the urgent problem of Russian graduates: job search after graduation. It is shown that, in connection with the growing population of the country due to migrants, the arrival of cheap labor from neighboring countries and other economic factors, the search for a decent job as a graduate remains a difficult and relevant problem in modern Russia. The result of this study can be considered as follows. It is shown that there is the possibility of decent earnings in the scientific field of activity when working with students. A mathematical model and an algorithm for simulating the demonstrated situation are developed. It is shown when a graduate should start searching for additional income and when he can catch up with the total amount of money paid if he went to work in a commercial company. This research is purely theoretical.