Vol. 9, No. 4, 2023

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The study substantiates the need to change educational paradigms in accordance with the new challenges of the time and the emergence of the phenomenon of academic leadership and the advent of the era of transprofessionals. The purpose of this work is related to the study of the phenomena of academic leadership and transprofessionalism, their role in the development of the modern educational paradigm. The article analyzes mainly the university sector, in which the development of academic leadership and transprofessionalism is taking place. The results obtained allow us to identify the main directions of development of the existing education system and the role of academic leadership and transprofessionalism in it. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the totality of the results obtained, revealing the features of academic leadership and transprofessionalism, their influence on the change of educational paradigms. It is concluded that academic leadership can be achieved subject to both the introduction of innovative technologies into the educational process and the implementation of a set of measures aimed at preserving the fundamental knowledge that a graduate must master. Therefore, it is necessary to consider academic leadership in the context of the strategic perspective of maintaining Russia’s status as the largest scientific power in the modern world. The phenomenon of transprofessionalism acts as an adequate response from the point of view of leading educational institutions to the challenges of technological change characteristic of the modern era

The article presents the impact of scientific and technological innovations on the industrial structure of the tradable sector of the economy. The analysis of economic data was carried out on the basis of the VAR model by Christopher Albert Sims for 15 developed countries with open economies and without a sanction’s regime, including the Russian Federation, for the period 1995…2013. Research has shown that the greater the continuous growth of total factor productivity (TFP) in the tradable sector of the economy compared to growth in the non-tradable sector, the more labor resources move from the tradable sector to the non-tradable sector of the economy, which has a stimulating effect on the share of labor income in both sectors of the economy. A model of the influence of scientific and technological innovations on the labor market in the tradable sector of the economy has been developed. The model allows for a state with an open economy and taking into account cross-country dispersion of redistribution effects to calculate factor technological changes. The model predicts the most accurate results for states where capital-intensive industries make a greater contribution to the increase in total factor productivity of the trade sector of the economy, i. e. for states in which capital increases in relation to labor efficiency.

The paper examines the issues of managing the science development as a whole. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of management of the development of science by identifying factors that contribute to or hinder the development of science as a whole and to consider approaches to assessing the level of development of science. The article suggests approaches to this topic, which are expressed in the consideration of science as a whole, as well as in an attempt to approach the construction of a model that allows taking into account the intensity of the influence of the whole set of factors on the development or inhibition of science as a whole. For this purpose, the following factors were identified and systematized, those that: always contribute to the development of science as a whole; always inhibit the development (hinder the development) of science as a whole; as well as those that both slow down and accelerate the development of science.For this reason, some of the factors have been identified that: always contributing to the development of science as a whole; always hindering the development of science as a whole; both hindering and accelerating the development of science. The systematization of these factors has been carried out. A statement of the research goal is proposed and, based on its decomposition, five tasks are set. Some shortcomings of modern methods and techniques of monitoring, evaluating the progress of scientific research and determining the level of development of science, based on scientometric indicators, are indicated. An approach is proposed to assess the level of science development depending on the time period under consideration, external conditions and the intensity of the factors influence on the development or inhibition of science as a whole

The article deals with the problem of activating fundamental scientific activity in the Russian Federation by combining the efforts of various scientific institutes – institutions of the Academy of Sciences, universities, industry and corporate science within the framework of the National Center for Physics and Mathematics (NCPM). The purpose of the article is to identify institutional features and substantiate promising organizational tasks of the NCFM, the main research methods are institutional, normative, comparative analysis. Institutionally, the NCPM will make it possible to get away from the existing division of science along departmental lines and related problems. It is proved that the use of the organizational “CERN model” in the NCPM will be able to attract a wide range of scientists from various Russian and, in the future, foreign organizations, will help the formation of a collaboration for conducting experiments and research at scientific installations of the “megasience” class. This will make it possible to form and work out a national model of the mobility of scientists. The territorial and personnel aspects of the NCFM are considered, measures are proposed to expand the types of activities, to activate the influx of students and postgraduates for subsequent work in scientific and knowledge-intensive industrial organizations, to reflect the peculiarities of the development of the territory of the NCFM location in strategic documents of various levels. Conclusions are drawn about the positive impact of the activities of the NCPM on socio-economic processes; about new opportunities for diversification of the military-industrial complex associated with the development of fundamental science; about accelerating the formation of a system of technological transfer; contributing to the organization of the system of strategic planning and scientific and technical forecasting in the country

This study delves into the corporate governance challenges confronted by small and mediumsized innovative biomedical enterprises in the context of equity financing. Its objective is to provide valuable recommendations for the successful implementation of such financing. In order to address issues such as imperfect equity structure, inadequate financial audit systems, and low stability of the core team during equity financing, a range of improvement measures are proposed. These measures comprise optimizing internal management mechanisms, establishing an efficient R&D organizational structure, implementing practical incentive mechanisms for R&D enterprises focused on benefits, and enabling technical experts to actively engage in company ownership structures. Equity financing plays a vital role in resolving the difficulties faced by small and medium-sized innovative biomedical enterprises, particularly in fostering the development of innovative pharmaceutical products within the biomedical R&D field. Thus, it has a positive impact on effectively advancing China’s biomedical industry.”